Everything about John Cairns Biochemist totally explained
(Hugh) John Cairns FRS (1922- ) is a British physician and molecular biologist who made significant contributions to
molecular genetics,
cancer research, and
public health.
Cairns received his M.D. from
Oxford. He then worked as a virologist at the
Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research in
Melbourne, Australia and at the Virus Research Institute at
Entebbe, Kenya. He returned to Australia to work at in the School of Microbiology at the
John Curtin School of Medical Research. Cairns took a sabbatical to research at the
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory between 1960 and 1961, and returned there to serve as the director from 1963 to 1968. He remained a staff member at Cold Spring Harbor until 1972, when he was appointed head of the
Mill Hill Laboratory of the
Imperial Cancer Research Fund in Oxford. After he was appointed at Mill Hill he also worked at the
Harvard School of Public Health. He retired in 1991.
In his 1963 paper "The bacterial chromosome and its manner of replication as seen by autoradiography", Cairns demonstrated by
autoradiography that the
DNA of the
bacterium Escherichia coli was a single molecule that's replicated at a moving locus (the replicating fork) at which both new DNA strands are being synthesized.
In 1981, John Cairns received a
MacArthur Foundation ("genius") Fellowship. He is the author of the 1978 book
Cancer: Science and Society (now out of print) and the 1997 book,
Matters of Life and Death: Perspectives on Public Health, Molecular Biology, Cancer, and the Prospects for the Human Race. Together with
James Watson and Gunther Stent, Cairns also edited the book
Phage and the Origins of Molecular Biology.
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